Go语言在Linux环境下的网络编程

在Linux环境下使用Go语言进行网络编程，你需要了解Go语言的基本网络库net。这个库提供了一系列用于实现TCP、UDP、UNIX域套接字等网络功能的接口。以下是一些基本的网络编程示例：

TCP服务器

package main

import (
 "bufio"
 "fmt"
 "net"
 "os"
)

func main() {
 listener, err := net.Listen("tcp", ":8080")
 if err != nil {
  fmt.Println("Error listening:", err)
  os.Exit(1)
 }
 defer listener.Close()
 fmt.Println("Listening on :8080")
 for {
  conn, err := listener.Accept()
  if err != nil {
   fmt.Println("Error accepting connection:", err)
   continue
  }
  go handleConnection(conn)
 }
}

func handleConnection(conn net.Conn) {
 defer conn.Close()
 reader := bufio.NewReader(conn)
 for {
  message, err := reader.ReadString('\n')
  if err != nil {
   fmt.Println("Error reading:", err)
   return
  }
  fmt.Print("Received message: ", message)
  conn.Write([]byte("Message received\n"))
 }
}

TCP客户端

package main

import (
 "bufio"
 "fmt"
 "net"
 "os"
)

func main() {
 conn, err := net.Dial("tcp", "localhost:8080")
 if err != nil {
  fmt.Println("Error connecting:", err)
  os.Exit(1)
 }
 defer conn.Close()
 go func() {
  reader := bufio.NewReader(conn)
  for {
   message, err := reader.ReadString('\n')
   if err != nil {
    fmt.Println("Error reading:", err)
    return
   }
   fmt.Print("Received message: ", message)
  }
 }()
 reader := bufio.NewReader(os.Stdin)
 for {
  fmt.Print("Enter message: ")
  message, _ := reader.ReadString('\n')
  _, err := conn.Write([]byte(message))
  if err != nil {
   fmt.Println("Error sending message:", err)
   return
  }
 }
}

UDP服务器

package main

import (
 "fmt"
 "net"
)

func main() {
 address, err := net.ResolveUDPAddr("udp", ":8080")
 if err != nil {
  fmt.Println("Error resolving UDP address:", err)
  return
 }
 conn, err := net.ListenUDP("udp", address)
 if err != nil {
  fmt.Println("Error listening on UDP:", err)
  return
 }
 defer conn.Close()
 fmt.Println("Listening on :8080")
 buffer := make([]byte, 1024)
 for {
  n, addr, err := conn.ReadFromUDP(buffer)
  if err != nil {
   fmt.Println("Error reading from UDP:", err)
   continue
  }
  fmt.Printf("Received message from %s: %s
", addr.String(), string(buffer[:n]))
  conn.WriteToUDP([]byte("Message received
"), addr)
 }
}

UDP客户端

package main

import (
 "bufio"
 "fmt"
 "net"
 "os"
)

func main() {
 address, err := net.ResolveUDPAddr("udp", "localhost:8080")
 if err != nil {
  fmt.Println("Error resolving UDP address:", err)
  return
 }
 conn, err := net.DialUDP("udp", nil, address)
 if err != nil {
  fmt.Println("Error dialing UDP:", err)
  return
 }
 defer conn.Close()
 go func() {
  buffer := make([]byte, 1024)
  for {
   n, _, err := conn.ReadFromUDP(buffer)
   if err != nil {
    fmt.Println("Error reading from UDP:", err)
    return
   }
   fmt.Printf("Received message: %s
", string(buffer[:n]))
  }
 }()
 reader := bufio.NewReader(os.Stdin)
 for {
  fmt.Print("Enter message: ")
  message, _ := reader.ReadString('\n')
  _, err := conn.Write([]byte(message))
  if err != nil {
   fmt.Println("Error sending message:", err)
   return
  }
 }
}

这些示例展示了如何在Linux上使用Golang进行基本的网络编程。你可以根据自己的需求修改和扩展这些示例。