Ubuntu中Python安装教程来了

以下是在Ubuntu中安装Python的几种方法:

使用APT包管理器安装

  1. 打开终端,更新软件包列表:sudo apt update
  2. 安装Python 3:sudo apt install python3。若需安装特定版本,如Python 3.9,可运行sudo apt install python3.9
  3. 验证安装:python3 --version

从源代码编译安装

  1. 安装依赖包:sudo apt update,然后sudo apt install -y build-essential libssl-dev zlib1g-dev libncurses5-dev libncursesw5-dev libreadline-dev libsqlite3-dev libgdbm-dev libbz2-dev liblzma-dev tk-dev
  2. 下载Python源代码,如wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.9.0/Python-3.9.0.tgz
  3. 解压并进入目录:tar -xf Python-3.9.0.tgzcd Python-3.9.0
  4. 配置并编译:./configure --enable-optimizationsmake -j $(nproc)
  5. 安装:sudo make altinstall
  6. 验证:python3.9 --version

使用Pyenv安装

  1. 安装依赖:sudo apt updatesudo apt install -y make build-essential libssl-dev zlib1g-dev libbz2-dev libreadline-dev libsqlite3-dev wget curl llvm libncurses5-dev libncursesw5-dev xz-utils tk-dev libffi-dev liblzma-dev python-openssl git
  2. 安装Pyenv:curl https://pyenv.run | bash
  3. 配置环境变量,在~/.bashrc~/.zshrc中添加export PATH="$HOME/.pyenv/bin:$PATH"等,然后source ~/.bashrc
  4. 安装Python版本,如pyenv install 3.9.0
  5. 设置版本:pyenv global 3.9.0
  6. 验证:python --version