简单实现Linux聊天室程序
1. 准备工作
1.1 安装必要的软件包
在开始编写聊天室程序之前，确保你的Linux系统已经安装了以下软件包：
gcc (GNU Compiler Collection)
make
可以使用以下命令进行安装：
sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install build-essential
1.2 创建项目目录结构
创建一个名为chatroom的目录，并在其中创建两个子目录：client和server，这将分别用于存放客户端和服务器的代码。
mkdir chatroom cd chatroom mkdir client server
2. 编写服务器端代码
2.1 创建服务器主文件
在server目录下创建一个名为server.c的文件，并添加以下内容：
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#define BUF_SIZE 100
#define MAX_CLNT 256
void error_handling(char *message);
void send_msg(char *msg, int client_socket);
void remove_clnt(int clnt_sock);
int clnt_cnt = 0;
int clnt_socks[MAX_CLNT];
char name[MAX_CLNT][BUF_SIZE];
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
int serv_sock, clnt_sock;
struct sockaddr_in serv_adr, clnt_adr;
int str_len;
socklen_t clnt_adr_sz;
char msg[BUF_SIZE];
int i;
if (argc != 2) {
printf("Usage: %s <port>\n", argv[0]);
exit(1);
}
serv_sock = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
if (serv_sock == -1) {
error_handling("socket() error");
}
memset(&serv_adr, 0, sizeof(serv_adr));
serv_adr.sin_family = AF_INET;
serv_adr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
serv_adr.sin_port = htons(atoi(argv[1]));
if (bind(serv_sock, (struct sockaddr *)&serv_adr, sizeof(serv_adr)) == -1) {
error_handling("bind() error");
}
if (listen(serv_sock, 5) == -1) {
error_handling("listen() error");
}
while (1) {
clnt_adr_sz = sizeof(clnt_adr);
clnt_sock = accept(serv_sock, (struct sockaddr *)&clnt_adr, &clnt_adr_sz);
if (clnt_sock == -1) {
continue;
} else {
printf("Connected client IP: %s \n", inet_ntoa(clnt_adr.sin_addr));
}
for (i = 0; i < clnt_cnt; i++) {
if (clnt_sock == clnt_socks[i]) {
close(clnt_sock);
return 0;
}
}
clnt_socks[clnt_cnt++] = clnt_sock;
read(clnt_sock, name[clnt_cnt 1], BUF_SIZE);
sprintf(msg, "%s has entered the chat room.", name[clnt_cnt 1]);
for (i = 0; i < clnt_cnt; i++) {
send_msg(msg, clnt_socks[i]);
}
}
close(serv_sock);
return 0;
}
void error_handling(char *message) {
fputs(message, stderr);
fputc('\n', stderr);
exit(1);
}
void send_msg(char *msg, int client_socket) {
write(client_socket, msg, strlen(msg));
}
2.2 编译服务器端代码
在server目录下，使用以下命令编译服务器端代码：
gcc -o server server.c
3. 编写客户端代码
3.1 创建客户端主文件
在client目录下创建一个名为client.c的文件，并添加以下内容：
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#define BUF_SIZE 100
#define NAME_SIZE 20
void *send_msg(void *arg);
void *recv_msg(void *arg);
void error_handling(char *message);
char name[NAME_SIZE] = "[DEFAULT]";
char msg[BUF_SIZE];
int client_socket;
pthread_mutex_t mutx;
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
int str_len;
struct sockaddr_in serv_adr;
pthread_t snd_thread, rcv_thread;
void *thread_return;
if (argc != 4) {
printf("Usage: %s <IP> <port> <name>\n", argv[0]);
exit(1);
}
sprintf(name, "%s", argv[3]);
client_socket = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
if (client_socket == -1) {
error_handling("socket() error");
}
memset(&serv_adr, 0, sizeof(serv_adr));
serv_adr.sin_family = AF_INET;
serv_adr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(argv[1]);
serv_adr.sin_port = htons(atoi(argv[2]));
if (connect(client_socket, (struct sockaddr *)&serv_adr, sizeof(serv_adr)) == -1) {
error_handling("connect() error");
} else {
puts("Connected...");
}
pthread_mutex_init(&mutx, NULL);
pthread_create(&snd_thread, NULL, send_msg, (void *)&client_socket);
pthread_create(&rcv_thread, NULL, recv_msg, (void *)&client_socket);
pthread_join(snd_thread, &thread_return);
pthread_join(rcv_thread, &thread_return);
close(client_socket);
return 0;
}
void *send_msg(void *arg) {
int client_socket = *((int *)arg);
char name_msg[NAME_SIZE + BUF_SIZE];
while (1) {
fgets(msg, BUF_SIZE, stdin);
if (!strcmp(msg, "q\n") || !strcone(msg, "Q\n")) {
close(client_socket);
exit(0);
}
sprintf(name_msg, "%s: %s", name, msg);
pthread_mutex_lock(&mutx);
write(client_socket, name_msg, strlen(name_msg));
pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutx);
}
return NULL;
}
void *recv_msg(void *arg) {
int client_socket = *((int *)arg);
char name_msg[NAME_SIZE + BUF_SIZE];
int str_len;
while (1) {
pthread_mutex_lock(&mutx);
str_len = read(client_socket, name_msg, NAME_SIZE + BUF_SIZE 1);
if (str_len == -1) {
return (void *)-1;
}
name_msg[str_len] = 0;
fputs(name_msg, stdout);
pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutx);
}
return NULL;
}
void error_handling(char *message) {
fputs(message, stderr);
fputc('\n', stderr);
exit(1);
}
3.2 编译客户端代码